Application of DCS control system in crude oil stabilizing compressor
The article introduces the application of the DCS system in the compressor device, including the characteristics of the DCS system, the automatic control transformation plan, the selection of equipment and instruments, and alarm measures.
Keywords: Compressor DCS control system alarm setter configuration
Abstract: This paper introduces the applicaTIon of DCS in compressors, contains the characterisTIc of DCS system, the plan of automaTIc controlled system's transform, the selecTIon of type, the measure of alarm.
Key words: compressor; DCS controlled system; the process control experts; configuration
1 Introduction
Crude oil stabilizing compressor is an important equipment for the stabilization of crude oil and oil and gas processing in the production of oil and gas gathering and transportation systems. The process of this device is complicated, the production process is flammable and explosive, and strict control of production parameters is required. Most of the joint stations in the oil and gas gathering and transportation system use compressors as devices for crude oil stabilization and oil and gas processing.
At present, all compressor control instruments are electric-II instruments, which are powered by 220V, low explosion-proof level, and no data remote transmission function; most parameter adjustments are monitored manually or by simple instruments; the failure rate of the instrument is high, Low control efficiency; when production fails, it is not easy to find the cause of the accident, resulting in many unstable factors such as production and safety; at the same time, it is not possible to store historical data of production parameters, which is not convenient for production management and severely limits the compressor The further improvement of the device automation technology has become a bottleneck that hinders the automatic transformation of the device. In order to overcome the above problems, improve the ability of the compressor to operate automatically, achieve the purpose of early warning, and at the same time ensure the output and quality of crude oil and increase the crude oil export rate Therefore, it is imperative to use DCS as a new control system to transform the device.
2. Overall scheme design
2.1 Introduction to the overall plan
The compressor device has more than 30 important production parameters, and each production parameter restrains and influences each other. The device has high requirements on production parameters. The specific requirements are as follows: intake pressure <-0.05Mpa, exhaust pressure> 0.35Mpa, exhaust temperature> 85 ℃, engine oil pressure <0.25Mpa, engine oil temperature> 65 ℃, must be carried out Sound and light alarm, remind the operator to deal with it in time to ensure the safety of production; if the exhaust pressure> 0.45Mpa, exhaust temperature> 95 ℃, engine oil pressure <0.15Mpa, engine oil temperature> 70 ℃, it must be shut down. The compressor's production parameters such as temperature and pressure are divided into two input control systems: the alarm setter is introduced all the way, the alarm setter detects the production parameters according to the alarm values ​​set by the internal parameters, and if the production parameters are abnormal, then Issue a fault alarm signal to stop the compressor to ensure the safety of equipment and production; another way introduces a DCS system to carry out the conventional display of parameters and process screens, when a fault occurs or the compressor stops, an audible and visual alarm is given to alert the operator, effective Prevent misuse and eliminate dangerous situations urgently. The system provides historical data browsing and query function, which can track and query historical data, which is convenient for analyzing the cause of failure. The whole system complements each other, the interface is friendly and intuitive, and the operation is convenient, which not only saves human resources, but also improves work efficiency.
2.2 Technical introduction of control system
Representatives are the FOCS system and the MACS system, both of which have an open architecture, can provide multiple layers of open data interfaces, have powerful processing functions, and provide convenient configuration; support multiple field standards It can adapt to future expansion needs; and the system has high reliability and easy maintenance. The system has strong redundancy, fault tolerance, and self-diagnosis capabilities, as well as strong technical support capabilities. Whether in terms of function, or in terms of stability and practicability, it meets the needs of the automatic control of the device.
1. The superiority of the control system:
Low investment, short delivery cycle, and spare parts are guaranteed.
The control level is more diversified, which can meet the realization of multi-complex control schemes.
Conducive to centralized control, reducing the amount of system maintenance and the replacement of related spare parts.
The system uses redundancy, which greatly increases the safety and reliability of the system.
Make full use of the superiority of the computer, perform fault diagnosis and on-line adjustment of on-site instruments, reduce the labor intensity of device operators and maintenance personnel, reduce staff and increase efficiency.
2. New technical features of the control system
a. The system is an intelligent decentralized structure based on a microprocessor. The tight combination of software and hardware makes the system fully play its role.
b. The controller adopts redundant configuration and has high reliability. If any component in the system fails, it will not affect the work of the entire system.
c. The network connection of the bottom layer, the full intelligence of I / O modules, the redundant technology of hot backup, and the technical characteristics of reliable live plugging and unplugging.
d. The configuration software function has standard SFC, FBD, LD, ST, FM 5 kinds of configuration tools. There are rich graphics libraries in the graphics tool, and the friendly interface flow chart can be drawn quickly.
e. The system network is 100M redundant Fast Ethernet, which greatly accelerates the network speed, leaving sufficient room for future expansion and transformation.
f. The use of completely open, advanced software and hardware technology, flexible structure, safe and convenient, and simple maintenance.
3. System configuration and human-computer interaction interface
The configuration software is the DCS system FOCS or MACS of Hollysys, the software platform is Chinese WIN2000, configure the data exchange network card, and publish the data to the MIS network to achieve the sharing of compressor production parameters; configure real-time on the computer in other positions or offices Information collection software, you can understand the parameters and operation of the compressor. The configuration software mainly includes five subsystems: system configuration, database generation system, control scheme generation, graph generation, and report generation. There are also history library generation and shared library generation. The control system controls the compressor operation through the lower computer configuration software editing program; the upper computer configuration software edits the flow chart screen for human-machine dialogue. The compressor runs according to the program to realize the alarm interlock. Once an alarm occurs, the computer interface will pop up an alarm screen to remind the operator to deal with the production situation in time and ensure the safe operation of production. The main functions of the control system: data collection and processing, process operation control and supervision management, operation screen display and alarm display, historical data storage function, equipment and status monitoring, program control, report printing, execution of emergency shutdown logic.
2.3 Selection of control system and instrument
In order to ensure the continuous, efficient and reliable operation of the compressor, the DCS system developed by Beijing Hershey Co., Ltd. was selected as the control system.Because the compressor device operates with relatively large vibration and high requirements on temperature and pressure, it , The instrument selects products with better vibration resistance, armored integrated temperature transmitter and pressure transmitter, and uses the combination of imported alarm setter and relay to control the start and stop of the compressor, and at the same time introduces the alarm signal into the computer control System, timely sound and light alarm and alarm bomb chart.
The alarm setter uses the multi-output alarm output controller of the United States. The device operates reliably, has low maintenance, and has a long operating time.
3. Hardware design of control system
3.1, hardware configuration
The main components of the control system of the compressor device: 2 servers (also called control station, redundant configuration), 2 operator stations (one of which also serves as an engineer station), field control station, communication station, and 1 printer.
The network topology of the system is shown below:
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This is the success of this compressor automation transformation. The alarm setter uses the multi-output alarm controller of the United States. The device uses the latest digital technology and a microprocessor to alarm the signal from the scene. It has two types of single-channel and dual-channel, and can output analog signals at the same time. The alarm setter panel has self-diagnostic instructions and output indicator lights to monitor the working status of each channel at any time. The equipment is modular in design, reliable in operation and low in maintenance.
The interlock shutdown control of the compressor is very important. The alarm setter is used to replace the original electrical control cabinet electric-type II instrument, which is changed to low voltage (24V) control. A 24V relay is added to the new electrical control cabinet to control the compressor. Operation; use the analog output of the alarm setter to not only ensure signal collection, but also complete the alarm protection of the compressor. Under normal circumstances, once the compressor is running, no shutdown is required. The alarm setting device can solve the problem of controlling the operation of the compressor without stopping when the computer fails or the system needs to be maintained. In this way, even when the automatic control system or the computer stops running, the compressor can operate normally, reducing the compressor downtime.
The alarm setting control circuit diagram is as follows:
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After the DCS transformation of the compressor control of the Hekou Oil Production Plant Joint Station, such as the first station and the Dabei Station, the compressor runs stable, the labor intensity of the workers is low, the system work is stable and reliable, and the real-time data collection, calculation and statistics greatly improve the compression The timeliness and accuracy of handling machine faults have improved work efficiency and management level. At the same time, the compressor DCS is a self-contained system, which can be controlled independently and can be connected to the large system of the joint station, which provides a reliable basis for the automatic transformation of the joint station.
5. Conclusion
The efficient treatment of crude oil resources by the compressor device not only saves resources, but also minimizes the pollution to the atmospheric environment, and achieves the harmonization and unification of the three benefits of social, economic, and environmental benefits. After adopting the DCS distributed control system, with the improvement of product quality, it has greatly expanded the profitable space of the enterprise, further enhanced the market competitiveness of the enterprise, and promoted the enterprise to a new height in technology and management. The advantage of the DCS control system is that it can flexibly and easily implement a variety of control schemes. The application of the DCS system in the compressor production process is an inevitable trend in the development of oilfield stability systems. With the continuous development and improvement of automation technology, the cost has dropped significantly, and the reliability has been continuously improved.The compressor is controlled by the DCS control system, which can achieve fast, accurate, stable and reliable operation in the production process, which can improve efficiency and save. The purpose of energy.
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