I. Technical Overview
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The Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) is an active safety device for vehicles that prevents the wheels from locking during braking. The ABS system senses the slip of the wheel and the road surface through the sensor during the braking process. The electric control unit makes the judgment and adjusts the braking force by the actuator composed of the solenoid valve to keep the tire slip rate at an ideal position. The range is to ensure the vehicle has a large longitudinal braking and anti-side force when braking, to prevent possible rear wheel slip, tail and front wheel deviation, improve the direction of the car during braking Stable and steering ability, and can improve the adhesion coefficient utilization, shorten the braking distance and reduce tire wear.
Traction Control System (TCS) is an extension of ABS. When the car is driving on a bad road, by controlling the engine torque, the driving wheel braking torque, the differential lock, etc., the driving force on the wheel is controlled to prevent the wheel from slipping and the best driving traction effect is obtained.
Vehicle Dynamics Control System (Vehicle Dynamic Control referred to as VDC, also known as Electronic Stability Program (ESP)) is based on ABS and TCS. It increases the angular velocity sensor for lateral swing when the car is turning. It is controlled by ECU. The driving force and braking force of the inner and outer, front and rear wheels ensure the lateral dynamic stability of the car. The successful development of the VDC enables the driver to provide active and effective driving safety guarantees under all working conditions.
Second, the status quo and domestic and international development trends
ABS has been widely used abroad since the 1980s. It is now a relatively mature technology. It developed to TCS in the early 1990s and developed to VDC in the past two years. Technology development has the following trends:
Continue to improve system integration, reduce volume and weight;
Develop and improve sensors based on the original, such as zero frequency response wheel speed sensor, transverse swing angular velocity sensor, etc.
Further improve the response speed of the solenoid valve;
Further development of control software adapted to complex situations, capable of accurate quantitative analysis, calculation and control of vehicle transient motion conditions;
With the development of microelectronics technology, 16-bit CPU or 32-bit chips are used, and the vehicle electronic control system is dispersed to integrated.
Domestic application research began in the late 1980s, and the development of gas brake systems began to develop into liquid brake systems. Technically, the ABS anti-lock function has been initially implemented on the prototype car, but there is a big gap between the software function and the hardware quality and the current foreign advanced level.
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