Due to the important role of automotive sensors in automotive electronic control systems and the rapidly growing market demand, countries around the world attach great importance to their theoretical research, new material applications and new product development. The future development trend of automotive sensor technology is miniaturization, multi-functionality, integration and intelligence.
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Micro-sensors are based on MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) developed from semiconductor integrated circuit technology. Micro-sensors use micro-machining technology to package micro-scale sensitive components, signal processors, and data processing devices on a fast chip. Small size, low price, easy integration, etc., can significantly improve the system test accuracy. The technology is now maturing and can produce a variety of miniature sensors that are sensitive and detect mechanical, magnetic, thermal, chemical and biomass. Due to the advantages of MEMS-based miniature sensors in reducing the cost and improving the performance of automotive electronic systems, they have begun to gradually replace sensors based on traditional electromechanical technology.
The automobile sensor can convert various working condition information during the running of the vehicle, such as power drive, safety management and body comfort, into electrical signals to the central control unit (ECU), and the car is placed through the adjustment and feedback of the ECU. Optimal operating status. Among them, the power drive system uses the largest number of sensors, and the safety system and the comfort system use the sensor market to develop the fastest.
1. Focus on MEMS sensors
Due to the diversification of automotive electronic control systems, the types and quantities of sensors used are increasing, and there is an urgent need for miniaturization, intelligence, multi-function and integration of sensors. MEMS has been developed with high precision, small size, low price, long working life, easy integration, and suitable mass production, and has occupied a major share of the automotive sensor market. For example, MEMS sensors can be realized through micro-nano processing technology. The miniaturization of sensors has largely replaced traditional mechanical, strain gauge, sliding potentiometers and other sensors; it can be multi-functionally integrated with other MEMS sensors on the same substrate; through integration with information processing and control chips Intelligent functions such as self-diagnosis, multi-parameter mixed measurement, and error compensation can effectively reduce the overall volume, reduce system power consumption, and improve reliability.
2. Sensors for power drive systems focus on energy saving and emission reduction
The power drive system mainly includes the engine and chassis management system. The sensors used mainly include flow sensors, pressure sensors (intake pressure, cylinder pressure, atmospheric pressure, oil pressure, etc.), temperature sensors (air, water, lubricating oil, etc.), knocking. Sensors, crankshaft sensors, gas concentration sensors, throttle position sensors, idle speed sensors, suspension system sensors, and wheel speed sensors, engine speed sensors, and accelerator pedal position sensors in automatic transmissions. The electronic control unit of the engine accurately controls the various operating conditions of the engine based on the information provided by the sensor, thereby improving the power and maintainability of the engine, reducing fuel consumption and reducing emissions. Due to the harsh working environment, the sensor for the power drive system is one to two orders of magnitude higher than the accuracy and reliability of the general industrial sensor.
3. Safety management system uses sensors to turn to active safety
As technology continues to evolve, the goal of automotive safety management systems has shifted from passive defense to active protection. Safety management systems currently in use, such as airbag systems, tire pressure monitoring systems, anti-lock braking systems (ABS), electronic brake force distribution (EBD) systems, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), night vision systems, etc. A large number of sensors are used, and the collected information includes acceleration, tire pressure, brake pedal position, collision pressure, and proximity warning in all directions of the vehicle. These sensors are the most active part of innovation in automotive applications in recent years.
4. The comfort system uses the sensor to enhance the driving experience.
As people's requirements for driving comfort and pleasure continue to increase, in addition to traditional air conditioning temperature and humidity, in-vehicle smoke detection, car seat adjustment, chassis adjustment, window adjustment and load-bearing sensors, cruise control, navigation, environment Various new applications such as perception, vehicle anti-theft, and car light detection have emerged, directly promoting the development of vehicle speed sensors, gyroscopes, compass sensors, infrared alarm sensors, and photocell sensors. These sensors have the greatest potential for development as the car is developed.
China's automotive sensor enterprises must first change the "scale" and "low price" development strategies adopted in the past, adhere to the "independent innovation" direction, and aim to improve the product technology content; secondly, establish a systematic development from the beginning of technology research and development. The idea is to expand the sensor from hardware to sensor system including algorithm and system architecture, so as to realize the comprehensive improvement of technology as soon as possible to meet the development needs of the automotive industry.
Motion Control Sensor is an original part that converts the change of non-electricity (such as speed, pressure) into electric quantity. According to the converted non-electricity, it can be divided into pressure sensor, speed sensor, temperature sensor, etc. It is a measurement, control instrument and Parts and accessories of equipment.
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