When it comes to building automation, both wireless building networks (WSN) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are becoming more common, both in new buildings and in retrofitting old buildings. WSN enables us to add “intelligence†to existing building infrastructure while avoiding cabling and installation in partially hard-to-reach areas.
While the wireless system is booming and utilizing, it also brings some new questions, such as the reasons and purpose of adding more sensors in HVAC. Is it for lighting or building security systems?
The current four major trends in building automation answer this question:
energy efficiency
Safety and security
User comfort
Preventive maintenance
Below, we will focus on the topic of energy efficiency, which is also an important trend to add more sensors in building automation systems.
Whether it's a building owner, homeowner or tenant, everyone cares about energy savings and savings. Currently, most of the electrical energy used in buildings is provided by the grid, where the wasted energy reaches 30%. By using sensor nodes, high-energy devices can be operated only when necessary, which can significantly reduce energy usage. Intelligent buildings created using this method will have a huge impact on energy savings, waste reduction, and reduced overhead.
Figure 1. Energy-consumpTIon staTIsTIcs for commercial buildings
In HVAC systems, intelligent monitoring and control can be achieved by adding separate environmental sensors. These sensors provide accurate temperature and humidity information from every area or room in the building. In general, if only one room is used, we still have to pay for the heating or cooling of the entire building or the entire house. Therefore, instead of installing a central temperature monitoring device, it is better to add multiple sensors to the building, so that the user can flexibly control the heating and cooling area according to the use of the room or the time of use.
Demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) can be achieved in large commercial buildings through a personnel counting system. The DCV can deliver fresh air based on the number of people in the room, rather than opening the HVAC system directly based on pre-set controls.
HVAC and lighting systems alone account for 59% of commercial building electricity. The amount of power used in these applications can be greatly influenced by intelligent monitoring and control solutions. With interconnected sensors for advanced light control such as low power occupancy detectors and energy harvesting daylight sensors, as well as interconnect sensors for advanced HVAC control for low power environmental sensors and personnel counting systems, we can really start to reduce total Energy consumption. For more information on interconnect sensing, check out Building Automation TI Designs.
A distribution switchboard is the point at which an incoming-power supply divides into separate circuits, each of which is controlled and protected by the fuses or switchgear of the switchboard. A distribution switchboard is divided into a number of functional units, each comprising all the electrical and mechanical elements that contribute to the fulfilment of a given function. It represents a key link in the dependability chain.
Consequently, the type of distribution switchboard must be perfectly adapted to its application. Its design and construction must comply with applicable standards and working practises.
The distribution switchboard enclosure provides dual protection:
Protection of switchgear, indicating instruments, relays, fusegear, etc. against mechanical impacts, vibrations and other external influences likely to interfere with operational integrity (EMI, dust, moisture, vermin, etc.)
The protection of human life against the possibility of direct and indirect electric shock (see degree of protection IP and the IK index in List of external influences ).
Distribution Cabinet, Power Distribution Box, Distribution Console, Distribution Panel, Electrical Distribution Switchboard, ABB Distribution Switchboard
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