Classification and characteristics of regulated power supply

The regulator is also called a regulated power supply. The regulator is a power supply device that automatically adjusts the output voltage to provide a stable AC or DC power supply to the load. The function of the voltage regulator is to stabilize the power supply voltage required by the large fluctuation or non-conforming electrical equipment within its set value range, so that various circuits or electrical equipment can work normally under the rated working voltage. The regulator includes two main categories: AC regulated power supply and DC regulated power supply.

First, AC regulated power supply

The AC regulated power supply is also called an AC voltage regulator. With the development of electronic technology, especially after the application of electronic computer technology to various industries and scientific research fields, various electronic devices require stable AC power supply, and direct power supply to the power grid cannot meet the needs. The emergence of AC stabilized power supply has solved this problem. A problem.

Commonly used AC regulated power supplies are:

1 Ferromagnetic resonant AC voltage regulator. It consists of a saturated choke and a corresponding capacitor with constant voltage volt-ampere characteristics.

2 magnetic amplifier type AC voltage regulator. The magnetic amplifier and the autotransformer are connected in series, and the impedance of the magnetic amplifier is changed by an electronic circuit to stabilize the output voltage.

3 sliding AC voltage regulator. Stabilize the output voltage by changing the position of the sliding contact of the transformer.

4 inductive AC voltage regulator. The output AC voltage is stabilized by changing the phase difference between the transformer and the primary voltage.

5 thyristor AC voltage regulator. A thyristor is used as the power adjustment component. High stability, fast response and no noise. However, it causes interference to communication equipment and electronic equipment.

After the 1980s, there were three new types of AC regulated power supplies: compensating AC voltage regulators. Numerically controlled and stepped AC voltage regulators. Purified AC voltage regulator. It has good isolation to eliminate spikes from the grid.

Second, DC power supply

DC regulated power supply is also called DC voltage regulator. The power supply of the DC stabilized power supply is mostly AC power. When the voltage or load resistance of the AC power supply changes, the direct output voltage of the regulator can be kept stable. The parameters of the regulator are voltage stability, ripple factor and response speed. The former represents the effect of changes in the input voltage on the output voltage. The ripple factor indicates the amount of AC component in the output voltage under rated operating conditions; the latter indicates the time it takes for the voltage to return to normal when the input voltage or load changes drastically.

The DC stabilized power supply is divided into two types: continuous conduction type and switch type. The former uses a transformer to change the single-phase or three-phase AC voltage to an appropriate value, and then rectifies and filters to obtain an unstable DC power supply, and then obtains a stable voltage (or current) through the voltage stabilization circuit. The power line is simple, the ripple is small, and the mutual interference is small, but the volume is large, the consumables are large, and the efficiency is low (usually lower than 40% to 60%). The latter regulates the output voltage by changing the on-off time ratio of the adjustment component (or switch) to achieve regulation. This type of power supply has low power consumption and an efficiency of about 85%.