The structural composition, material process and cost of LED ceiling lamps

LED ceiling lamps, originally a new light source revolution, but now seems to be caught in the price competition quagmire, in addition to the price of the shopping, quality, value-added services, etc. seems to ignore. An 18W LED ceiling lamp, Philips, Opt brand can sell more than 100 pieces, and cheap as long as more than 10 pieces! 10 times the difference! No wonder many users have a lot of concerns when making purchase decisions! The price of a brand seems to be a little high, and the quality that is too cheap is difficult to guarantee. Is it really so difficult to buy a lamp? ! Today, from the perspective of factory manufacturing, the author dissects the structural composition, production process and cost of LED ceiling lamps, helping users to select satisfactory LED ceiling lamps!
LED ceiling lamp structure
The ceiling lamp is generally composed of a lampshade, a chassis, an aluminum substrate , a power source, and an LED light source.
Structure of the ceiling lamp
Ceiling light structure
The lampshade is generally made of acrylic material or PVC material and is formed by blow molding. It has good light transmittance and uniformity, has good heat resistance and weather resistance, and the material does not crack and deteriorate. It can filter ultraviolet rays and look straight for a long time. No eye injury, no glare, no glare. I wrote a special manuscript to describe this, I am interested to see my circle!
The chassis, which plays a fixed role, carries the entire luminaire, generally using cold-rolled steel sheets, and then painted after stamping and forming! Durable, no discoloration, no yellowing, no paint, no rust.
The aluminum substrate, that is, the aluminum-based circuit board, bears the functions of welding the lamp bead, the circuit, and the heat dissipation, and is generally 1.2 mm thick;
LED light source is a light-emitting component. In the past, incandescent bulbs and circular fluorescent tubes were mainly used as the light source of ceiling lamps. LED is a new type of light source, which is 90% more energy-efficient than incandescent lamps, 50% more energy-efficient than fluorescent tubes, saves electricity and saves money, and has a long life. 50,000 hours, far more than incandescent and fluorescent lights. The core of the LED light source lies in the chip, and there are many chip manufacturers. The most used one is the Sanan chip, which is the best value for money! For example, what we are using now is that the luminous efficiency is as high as 100-110LM/W, while the low-end products are only tens of LM/W.
The power supply converts 220V mains into low-voltage DC. Power is also a key factor in determining the quality of LED ceiling lamps. Led is an electronic component. When the voltage reaches a certain level, it will turn on the light, and the voltage will increase slightly. The conduction current will increase significantly. If the current flowing through the LED is not limited, the LED is easily over-current burned. Using constant current power supply, on the one hand, it is easy to make the LED work at a specific current without burning out, and the life is long; on the other hand, the luminous intensity is constant, does not stroboscopic, and protects vision. Therefore, the LED is driven by a constant current power source as much as possible, instead of the resistance power supply. Although the cost of the power dissipation capacitor is low, it has stroboscopic light and short life.
LED ceiling lamp chassis
This is the chassis, light source and power supply for LED ceiling lights! Together with the lampshade, it can be composed as a finished ceiling lamp.
Aging test
Most of the products that have just come out of the production line have the complete functions of its design and can be put into use directly. But why do you still need to do the aging test? Product quality theory tells us that most of the product failures occur in the initial stage and the end stage. The final stage is the normal life of the product, which cannot be controlled, but the initial stage can be controlled and can be controlled within the factory gate. The specific method is to put Before the product is delivered to the user, the aging test is done, and the problem is killed in the factory. The regular manufacturer does this. The cottage factory generally does not do the aging test, or the aging test is given to the user, so we I often buy some products, and it will take a long time to get rid of it. In fact, this is the result of the failure of the aging test. Since the user has claimed part of the work of the cottage factory, in general, the cottage products will be much cheaper.
Of course, a good-skilled user sometimes buys a cottage product that can be used for a long time. The product quality theory says: "If a product can work continuously for one day without failure, then it is likely to be able to work continuously for one year without failure." So if you buy a product that hasn't been broken for a few days, then it may follow you for many years. In fact, this is the result of the aging test passed.
LED lighting products often appear dark, flashing, faulty, intermittently bright after the production and production, sometimes the products are simply not bright, which makes LED lamps not as long as expected, so you need Aging test, testing problems in processing, LED lamp beads , power supply, etc., to ensure reliability. Like we are using hundreds of 160-260V high and low voltage impact test aging methods, expose the problem before leaving the factory!
Aging device
Aging device!
Loading into the color box
After the aging test is completed, after plasticizing, put it into the color box packaging! Packing is complete!
Loaded into the outer box
Once you put it in the outer box, you can ship it!
Appreciation of finished products
Appreciation of the finished product! ! !
LED ceiling lamp cost
Ceiling lamp cost
The same 18W LED ceiling lamp, brand and non-brand, the price can be more than 10 times worse, which is a big problem for the user's purchase choice, the following is a factory production cost table, the quality is medium to high quality, The light efficiency can reach 100-110LM/W, and the power supply uses constant current IC power supply. It can be guaranteed for 2 years. Through this relatively complete cost table, I hope that the dealers pay attention to quality and their own profits, and also hope to give The user's purchase decision brings reference, leaving the factory and dealers with the right profits, and also buy a safe product!
The Internet has narrowed the distance between the factory and the users. The success of Xiaomi has verified the importance of users. The future product design of the lighting industry requires the deep participation of users. Only the products that really take the user's advice are what users want!

Lead Free Piezoelectric Elements


The Co-Al Co-doped Barium Titanate Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics was successfully developed by Yuhai company through repeated experiments. By Researching the influence of Co-Al Co-doping on the structure and properties of Barium Titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, the formulation and preparation technology of Barium Titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics were optimized. Yuhai`s BaTiO3 was prepared by conventional solid-phase sintering method, with the piezoelectric constant d33 (>170pC/N), dielectric loss tgδ≤0.5% and mechanical coupling coefficient Kp≥0.34.

Barium titanate lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are important basic materials for the development of modern science and technology, which was widely used in the manufacture of ultrasonic transducers, underwater acoustic transducers, electroacoustic transducers, ceramic filters, ceramic transformers, ceramic frequency discriminators, high voltage generators, infrared detectors, surface acoustic wave devices, electro-optic devices, ignition and detonation devices, and piezoelectric gyroscope and so on.

Application: military, ocean, fishery, scientific research, mine detection, daily life and other fields.

China Patent of Yuhai company`s BaTiO3

Chinese Patent No.: ZL 2011 1 0126758.6

Name: Lead-free Barium Titanate Piezoelectric Material with Addition of Cobalt and Aluminum

8



Lead free piezo material BaTiO3

Lead-free Material

Properties

BaTiO3

Dielectric Constant

ɛTr3

1260

Coupling factor

KP

0.34

K31

0.196

K33

0.43

Kt

0.32

Piezoelectric coefficient

d31

10-12m/v

-60

d33

10-12m/v

160

g31

10-3vm/n

-5.4

g33

10-3vm/n

14.3

Frequency coefficients

Np

3180

N1

2280

N3

Nt

2675

Elastic compliance coefficient

Se11

10-12m2/n

8.4

Machanical quality factor

Qm

1200

Dielectric loss factor

Tg δ

%

0.5

Density

ρ

g/cm3

5.6

Curie Temperature

Tc

°C

115

Young's modulus

YE11

<109N/m3

119

Poison Ratio

0.33


Piezo Element,Piezo Ceramic Elements,Piezoelectric Ceramic,Pzt Tubes

Zibo Yuhai Electronic Ceramic Co., Ltd. , https://www.yhpiezo.com

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